国际旅行者的传染性脑炎:系统审查和疫苗推
Rishi Srinivasan1, Frederick J Angulo1, Stephanie Duench2
1Global Vaccines and Anti-Infectives Medical Affairs, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA, USA.
Journal of travel medicine
|November 9, 2025
概括
国际旅行与传播脑炎 (TBE) 病例有关,这是一种严重的疾病. 尽管存在疫苗推,但前往欧洲的旅行者仍然患有TBE,这凸显了需要提高意识和疫苗接种努力的必要性.
科学领域:
- * 传染病的流行病学
- * * 旅行医药
- * * 公众健康
背景情况:
- *传染性脑炎 (TBE) 是一种由传播的严重病毒性疾病.
- *在欧洲,TBE病毒 (TBEV) 流行地区正在扩大,病例数量在上升.
- * 对于前往或居住在TBE流行地区的个人,疫苗接种是可用的,并建议接种.
研究的目的:
- * 审查和总结有关与国际旅行相关的TBE病例的现有文献.
- * 分析访问欧洲的旅行者的TBE疫苗接种建议.
- * 评估与旅行相关的TBE病例的发生和特征.
主要方法:
- * 对PubMed和Web of Science数据库 (1978-2024) 的系统文献综述.
- *对公共卫生监测数据的分析,包括欧洲疾病预防和控制中心 (ECDC) 的报告 (2015-2022).
- * 收集国家公共卫生当局对前往欧洲旅行者的TBE疫苗接种建议.
主要成果:
- * 在文献中发现了39例与国际旅行相关的TBE病例.
- *大多数确诊病例 (97.0%) 需要住院治疗,住院时间中位数为9天.
- *与旅行相关的病例来自美国,以色列和欧洲国家,经常前往奥地利,俄罗斯,瑞典和瑞士. 欧洲疾病预防控制中心的数据显示,在22,191个监测病例 (2015-2022) 中,有376个 (1.7%) 旅行相关病例.
- *32个国家为旅行者提供了TBE疫苗接种建议.
结论:
- *国际旅行相关的TBE病例仍然存在,尽管有疫苗接种建议.
- * 这些与旅行有关的病例往往导致严重的临床疾病.
- *欧洲TBE的地理分布和发病率增加,需要加强旅行者教育和疫苗接种推广.
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