与人类相关的Bifidobacterium物种中的多样化的防御系统和prophages揭示了共同进化的"军备竞赛"动态
James A D Docherty1, Ryan Cook2, Raymond Kiu3
1Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; University of East Anglia, School of Biological Sciences, Norwich, UK.
Cell reports
|November 9, 2025
概括
双杆菌细菌及其病毒,细菌菌体,参与了基因组"军备竞赛". 这种共同进化塑造了人类肠道微生物群中的细菌和菌体的多样性.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 双杆菌物种对婴儿肠道健康至关重要,并主导婴儿微生物群.
- 菌体显著影响肠道细菌种群,包括Bifidobacterium丰富度.
研究的目的:
- 使用生物信息学研究与人类相关的Bifidobacterium物种和prophages之间的基因组相互作用.
- 了解塑造Bifidobacterium及其菌体基因组的共同进化动态.
主要方法:
- 对1086个Bifidobacterium基因组的分析.
- 细菌防御系统和传染元件的识别和表征.
- 对CRISPR-Cas系统,抗CRISPR基因和限制修改系统的生物信息探索.
主要成果:
- 在Bifidobacterium基因组中发现了34种不同的防御系统和56种亚型,包括CRISPR-Cas.
- 在Bifidobacterium中,CRISPR间隔器准了近75%的prophages,这表明它们具有积极的防御能力.
- 前体存在于大约67%的菌株中,显示出高基因组多样性和编码反防御机制.
- 观察到历史上的重组和细菌和菌体之间正在进行的共同进化军备竞赛的证据.
结论:
- 双杆菌的基因组防御系统复杂,并积极准入侵的菌体.
- 食物主体是多样化的,并拥有抵消细菌防御的机制,为进化军备竞赛做出了贡献.
- 这种共同进化的动态推动了Bifidobacterium及其相关菌体的基因组多样化,影响了肠道微生物组合.
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