大脑衰老和认知能力下降加速超出了周周结膜白质强度过高的值
Niraj Kumar Gupta1, Neha Yadav1, Vivek Tiwari1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Berhampur, Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha, 760003, India.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|November 9, 2025
概括
周心室白质超强度 (PVWMH) 超过2.3毫升显著影响老年人大脑结构和认知能力. 这一门表明大脑衰老加速,需要对大脑小血管疾病进行临床监测.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 大脑小血管疾病在衰老中很常见,在MRI上可见的白质超强度 (WMH).
- 在认知正常的老年人中存在大量的WMH负担,但其具体影响仍在争论中.
- 周心室WMH (PVWMH) 和深层WMH (DWMH) 是不同的神经成像标记物.
研究的目的:
- 调查WMH,特别是PVWMH和DWMH是否会在某些值以上破坏神经解剖学和认知.
- 确定PVWMH和DWMH与年龄相关的进展和差异性影响.
- 建立与不良大脑变化相关的PVWMH临床相关值.
主要方法:
- 来自NACC (n=986) 和ADNI (n=382) 队列的多模态MRI数据,涵盖认知正常 (CN) 到阿尔茨海默病 (CI-AD) 参与者 (50-94岁).
- 分析WMH体积,与年龄相关的变化,以及与结构性大脑缩和认知功能的关联.
- 纵向混合效应模型来评估WMH在缩进展的预测值.
主要成果:
- 随着年龄的增长,PVWMH和DWMH的数量呈指数级增长,PVWMH的增长速度是两倍快,在61岁时出现了拐点.
- 大于2.3毫升的PVWMH体积独立地与执行,注意力和语义领域的显著大脑缩和认知障碍有关.
- DWMH的影响是可以忽略不计的;PVWMH进展,而不是DWMH,预测加速缩,与PVWMH相关的神经解剖损失调解认知衰退.
结论:
- 超过2.3毫升的PVWMH负荷代表了加速大脑衰老和认知衰退的关键值.
- 与DWMH不同的是,PVWMH在神经解剖学和认知上表现出值依赖的影响.
- 通过MRI对PVWMH的量化,加上认知测试,为临床监测和老年人大脑健康的管理提供了强有力的措施.
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