克什米尔多盆地达尔湖环境矩阵中的微塑料污染,克什米尔
Aarif Yaseen1, Soha Ul Islam1, Kumar Ajay2
1Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India.
The Science of the total environment
|November 9, 2025
概括
达尔湖沉积物和水中的微塑料 (MP) 污染量很高,鱼类摄入较小的颗粒. 这凸显了受污染的水和鱼对水生生物和人类健康的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 水生生态学 水生生态学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 污染对全球淡水生态系统构成重大威胁.
- 达尔湖是一个重要的淡水体,面临着持续的MP污染的潜在风险.
- 了解MP的分布和特征对于有效的环境管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查Dal湖水,沉积物和鱼中的MPs的丰度,形态和聚合物组成.
- 确定MP热点并评估与MP污染相关的生态风险.
- 确定影响MP分布和湖中的生物可用性的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用光显微镜和拉曼光谱来分析MPs.
- 在多个盆地收集了环境样本 (水,沉积物) 和鱼 (Cyprinus carpio).
- 污染负载指数 (PLI),聚合物危险指数 (PHI) 和潜在生态风险评估 (PERI) 被用于风险评估.
主要成果:
- 沉积物中的MP度明显高于水和鱼类.
- 颗粒和碎片是水和沉积物中占主导地位的MP类型,而鱼类也含有大量的纤维.
- 聚乙烯 (PE),聚烯 (PP) 和聚烯 (PS) 在水中普遍存在,沉积物中占主导地位的是PS和聚乙烯四甲酸盐 (PET);鱼类更喜欢PE和PET.
- 聚氨酸保留与粘土和泥含量有很强的相关性,表明颗粒大小驱动的沉积.
- 生态风险评估显示,污染程度中等,但有显著的聚合物特异性危害.
- 鱼类MP摄入模式反映了盆地智能的聚合物组成,较小的MP (<100微米) 具有更高的生物可用性.
结论:
- 达尔湖被MP污染,沉积物充当主要水槽,加格里巴尔盆地被确定为热点.
- MP分布受到水力动力学过程和局部人类活动的影响.
- 鱼类中MPs的存在,特别是较小的,生物可利用的颗粒,引发了人们对通过消费而发生的热带转移和人类健康风险的担忧.
- 有针对性的政策干预是必要的,以减轻PM污染,保护水生生态系统和公共健康.
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