重症病后的营养:探索医院出院后的障碍,后果和营养干预措施
Ella Terblanche1, Darwish Mohd Isa2, Hazreen Abdul Majid1
1School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University, Bournemouth, UK.
概括
重症病幸存者在出院后经常面临营养障碍,导致营养不良. 有针对性的营养干预对于康复至关重要,改善这些患者的身体和心理结果.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 康复 康复 康复 康复
背景情况:
- 严重疾病的幸存者经常因为障碍而错过营养目标.
- 营养不良在住院期间很常见,出院后营养支持存在差距.
- 这影响了重症监护室 (ICU) 幸存者的关键康复阶段.
研究的目的:
- 探索成年ICU幸存者医院出院后营养充足的障碍.
- 在康复期间识别营养不良的后果.
- 对这一群体进行现有的营养干预措施进行审查.
主要方法:
- 使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法和PRISMA-ScR检查清单进行范围审查.
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Cochrane) 中从2010年到2024年进行搜索.
- 分析了43项研究 (32,165名参与者) 使用生物心理社会和社会生态框架.
主要成果:
- 常见的障碍包括食欲丧失 (40%),心理困扰 (40%) 和食欲障碍 (26%).
- 其后果包括摄入量不足 (19%),营养不良 (42%) 和体重减轻 (56%),长达12个月.
- 尽管风险很高,但只有37%的人获得了营养输入;干预措施改善了结果.
结论:
- 对于ICU幸存者的出院后营养护理存在重大差距.
- 了解幸存者的观点对于有效的营养干预至关重要.
- 解决各种营养需求对于最佳恢复至关重要.
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