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相关概念视频

Halogenation of Alkenes02:46

Halogenation of Alkenes

18.4K
Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
18.4K
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

65.3K
The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
65.3K
Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

14.6K
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
14.6K
Multiple Halogenation of Methyl Ketones: Haloform Reaction01:28

Multiple Halogenation of Methyl Ketones: Haloform Reaction

2.8K
A method involving the transformation of methyl ketones to carboxylic acids using excess base and halogen is called the haloform reaction. It begins with the deprotonation of α hydrogen to form an enolate ion which reacts with the electrophilic halogen to give an α-halo ketone. The step continues until all the α protons are substituted to form a trihalomethyl ketone. The resulting molecule is unstable, and in the presence of a hydroxide base, it readily undergoes nucleophilic...
2.8K
Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

19.5K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
19.5K
Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene01:14

Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene

3.4K
Electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via a cyclic halonium ion to form a 1,2-dihalide or a vicinal dihalide.
3.4K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

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整形碳酸衍生型素结合三明治复合物

Christoph J Vonnemann1, Elric Engelage1, Jas S Ward2

  • 1Fakultät für Biochemie und Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|November 10, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究探讨了使用新型碳酸受体的素结合. 固态结构揭示了两种三酸盐受体对化离子的罕见八面协调,扩大了对素结合催化剂的理解.

关键词:
离子结合 离子结合阳离子识别识别器结晶学 结晶学是指结晶学.有素结合的素结合.整形碳酸的使用方法

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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

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科学领域:

  • 超分子化学 超分子化学
  • 有机金属化学 有机金属化学
  • 晶体学 晶体学是指结晶学.

背景情况:

  • 之前已经引入了基于C-化正基碳酸部分的多体素结合受体.
  • 溶液研究表明,在亚静态度度下,化物客体的二次结合事件发生.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地评估这些受体在固态中的素结合能力.
  • 为了研究化物离子与碳基受体的协调行为.

主要方法:

  • 化物客体与基于碳酸盐的受体的联合结晶.
  • 进行X射线衍射分析以确定固态结构.

主要成果:

  • 获得了化物受体复合体的固态结构.
  • 通过一对三酸盐受体确定了离子八面体协调的两个罕见例子.

结论:

  • 这项研究证实并扩展了固态碳基受体的素结合能力.
  • 这些发现突显了这些受体作为催化剂和超分子组装中的潜力.