贝叶斯推断的性别特定的死亡率概况和产品收益率从无性别的牛动物园考古遗迹
Yoan Diekmann1, Rosalind E Gillis2,3, Ziye Lu1
1Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK.
概括
动物园的考古数据揭示了史前牛畜管理. 一种新的贝叶斯方法推断出性别特定的生存曲线,估计群体的生产力,并建议改善古代屠宰实践.
科学领域:
- 动物园 考古学
- 贝叶斯的推理是贝叶斯的推理.
- 古经济学是古经济学.
背景情况:
- 来自养的反动物的动物园考古学死亡年龄概况为过去的屠宰管理和养殖策略提供了洞察力.
- 性别特定的生存曲线对于理解群体生产率参数,如生长率,产量和料消费至关重要,但从有限的,未经性别测定的考古数据中推断是具有挑战性的.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个贝叶斯推理方法来估计来自未经性别测定的牲畜动物园考古死亡年龄的性别特异性生存曲线.
- 将推断的生存曲线与现代民族学数据相结合,以估计史前群体的生产力和经济参数.
- 分析欧洲新石器时代的畜牧业实践,并确定管理改进的潜在领域.
主要方法:
- 开发了贝叶斯推理模型,从动物园考古学死亡年龄数据中推导出性别特异的生存曲线,考虑年龄类边界和采样不确定性.
- 纳入了关于不对称的性别特定屠宰的假设,由现代未改善的牛群提供信息,以推断随时间推移的性别比率.
- 整合推断的生存曲线与现代未改良牛的民族学生产力数据,以估计关键的群体参数.
主要成果:
- 从动物园考古学数据中成功推断出特定性别的生存曲线,克服了小样本大小和无性别配置文件的局限性.
- 预估牛群生长率,牛奶和肉类产量,宏观营养素和卡路里产量,以及史前牛群每只动物消耗的料.
- 将该方法应用于整个欧洲的新石器时代遗址,揭示了畜牧业的差异,并建议改善屠宰管理的范围.
结论:
- 贝叶斯式方法提供了一种强大的方法,用于重建古代牛群的性别特异性生存和生产力.
- 对新石器时代遗址的分析表明,通过改进的屠宰策略,可以优化史前牛管理.
- 这项研究提高了我们对早期欧洲牧民的经济驱动力和实践的理解.
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