注意差距:文献调查揭示了在临床实践研究数据链 (CPRD) 中处理缺失数据的缺陷,这是英国初级保健健康记录数据库
Esther Tolani1, Miriam Rachel Carpenter1, Irene Petersen2,3
1Department of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Clinical epidemiology
|November 10, 2025
概括
在英国初级保健电子健康记录 (EHR) 中缺少数据是常见的. 许多研究使用不适当的方法,如失踪指标方法,冒着偏见的研究结果的风险.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 英国初级保健中的电子健康记录 (EHR) 往往具有不完整的人口,临床和生活方式数据.
- 数据不完整会引入偏见,并降低研究中的统计能力.
- 存在处理缺失数据的标准方法,但它们在EHR分析中的应用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 检查英国初级保健电子健康记录研究中处理和报告缺失数据的当前做法.
- 评估已发表的研究中使用的方法的适当性.
- 确定改善研究质量和透明度的领域.
主要方法:
- 从临床实践研究数据链接 (CPRD) 文献 (2013-2023) 中选择了220项观察性研究的随机样本.
- 两个审查员独立地提取了关于缺失数据报告和处理方法的数据.
- 预先准备的形式样本用于一致的数据提取.
主要成果:
- 在74%的审查研究中报告了缺失的数据.
- 在23%的研究中使用了完整记录分析 (CRA),在20%的研究中使用了缺失指标方法,在8%的研究中使用了多重归算 (MI).
- 在6%的研究中使用了替代方法.
结论:
- 许多研究没有遵守缺失数据的最佳实践,经常使用有缺陷的方法,如缺失指标方法.
- 提高透明度,严格的技术和更清晰的报告对于提高研究质量至关重要.
- 将缺少的数据考虑因素纳入研究设计和分析至关重要,以减轻偏见和误解.
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