墨西哥门诊患者中折射误差的患病率和年龄相关趋势:一个横截面研究
Abraham García-Gil1, Beatriz Itzel Hernández-Jurado2, Marco Antonio Luna-Ruiz-Esparza1
1Innovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacán, Mexico.
Frontiers in public health
|November 10, 2025
概括
折射误差影响了超过74%的墨西哥门诊患者,近视,超视和眼症因年龄和地区而异. 这凸显了眼科护理获得的差异以及有针对性的公共卫生战略的需要.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 折射误差 (RE) 是全球视力障碍的主要原因之一.
- 墨西哥缺乏综合的流行病学数据关于折射误差在不同的人口统计的流行率.
- 全球患病率不断上升,需要对公共卫生干预措施提供可靠的数据.
研究的目的:
- 描述墨西哥折射误差的流行病学概况.
- 分析地理分布和根据性别和年龄的变化.
- 为了确定墨西哥人口中折射误差流行率的差异.
主要方法:
- 对2024年墨西哥门诊患者380万次眼科检查的大型电子数据库的分析.
- 使用95%置信区间 (CI) 计算流行率估计.
- 统计比较以评估性别,年龄和地理区域的差异.
主要成果:
- 整体折射误差的患病率为74.61%,近视 (38.6%),超视 (32.4%), (31.7%) 是最常见的情况.
- 根据性别,年龄 (特别是40-49岁组) 和地理位置观察到折射误差患病率的显著差异.
- 男人更容易患有眼;近视和远视在晚年成年期表现出性别特异的差异.
- 显著比例的门诊患者没有事先接受眼科检查,这表明获得护理的机会存在差距.
结论:
- 墨西哥的折射误差患病率呈现出显著的人口和地理差异.
- 调查结果强调,迫切需要有针对性的公共卫生战略,以加强眼科护理的准入.
- 干预措施应优先考虑服务不足的人群和具有较高折射误差风险的年龄组.
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