在初级保健中实施社会需求查和干预:对程序级决定因素的系统审查
Eva Chang1, Iridian Guzman1, Nicole Glowacki1
1Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (E.C., I.G., N.G., R.K.).
Annals of internal medicine
|November 10, 2025
概括
在初级保健中实施社会需求查表明,当计划针对较小的人群并拥有足够的人员时,有望帮助更多的患者. 然而,临床结果仍然不尽相同,限制了普遍的建议.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 主要护理医学 医疗保健
背景情况:
- 医疗保健系统越来越多地投资于选和解决患者社会需求的计划.
- 社会需求查旨在确定影响健康的非医疗因素,如粮食不安全和住房不稳定.
研究的目的:
- 确定关键特征,以促进社会需求查和干预计划在初级保健机构的实施.
- 了解影响健康倡议成功将社会决定因素纳入常规临床实践的因素.
主要方法:
- 对2015年1月至2025年4月期间发表的研究进行了系统审查.
- 搜索的数据库包括CINAHL,Cochrane,Ovid,PubMed和Scopus. 这些数据库的搜索数据库包括CINAHL,Cochrane,Ovid,PubMed和Scopus.
- 包括的研究集中在美国的初级保健计划中,对成年患者进行社会需求 (食物,住房,交通不安全) 的查,并实施干预措施.
主要成果:
- 该审查分析了23项研究,其中17项报告了查结果.
- 查不到500名患者的计划,特别是那些有特定疾病的患者,并得到额外的工作人员的支持,显示了更高的查百分比.
- 虽然10.1%至100%的查患者报告了社会需求,并且在有针对性的计划中观察到更高的援助率,但临床和医疗保健利用结果是混合的,报告很少.
结论:
- 社会需求计划在查和协助患者方面更有效,当它们专注于较小的目标人群并拥有足够的人员时.
- 目前关于这些计划对临床和医疗保健使用结果的影响的证据是混合的.
- 查和干预计划之间的异质性使得很难提供通用实施指南.
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