对于患有神经发育迟缓风险的婴儿的早期干预指南,使用来自印度的传统儿童护理实践
Tanochni Mohanty1, Mallikarjunaiah H S2, Umme Uzma M3
1Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India tanochni.mohanty@manipal.edu.
BMJ paediatrics open
|November 10, 2025
概括
传统的印度儿童抚养实践与早期干预 (EI) 原则保持一致. 从这些实践中创建了视频,以培训社区卫生工作者,支持幼儿发展.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 土著知识系统土著知识系统
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍在印度越来越令人担忧,约有八分之一的儿童受到影响.
- 生命的前1000天对大脑发育和长期结果至关重要.
- 全球早期干预 (EI) 战略强调护理人员参与和丰富的环境,但对基层工作者的培训有限.
研究的目的:
- 探索与基于证据的EI原则一致的印度传统育儿实践.
- 为培训基层卫生工作者,特别是认可的社会卫生活动家 (ASHA) 开发具有文化相关性,易于遵循的视频资源.
主要方法:
- 与印度各个地区的121位母亲和祖母进行了11次聚焦小组讨论.
- 通过开放式提示,收集了对1岁以下婴儿的日常护理程序的见解.
- 根据婴儿年龄组 (0-12个月) 主题分析了转录的对话,并根据社区和专家反验证的循环实践开发了EI视频.
主要成果:
- 确定了像按摩,地板游戏,摇篮曲和面对面互动这样的印度常见做法,与全球EI原则相一致.
- 从这些传统实践中开发的视频资源受到护理人员和专家的积极欢迎.
- 视频被发现是清晰的,文化相关的,并且在培训目的中实际有用.
结论:
- 印度家庭本质上实行培养日常生活,促进早期发育.
- 通过可访问的视频记录和传播这些传统做法,将传统智慧与现代科学联系起来.
- 将这些资源赋予父母和ASHA工作人员的权力,可以有效地支持家庭环境中的儿童发展.
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