过敏疾病中的微生物代谢物:超越短链脂肪酸
Jaime Morillas-Armenta1,2, Andrea Macías-Camero1,2, Natalia Rzetecka2,3
1Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada "Nemesio Díez" (IMMA-ND), Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 , España.
除了短链脂肪酸 (SCFA),其他肠道微生物代谢物,如分支SCFA (BCFA) 和醇衍生物调节免疫反应. 这些代谢物为过敏性疾病提供了潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群通过产生生物活性代谢产物,在宿主恒常中发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 是众所周知的与过敏疾病相关的微生物代谢物.
- 其他微生物代谢物也显著影响免疫和炎症反应.
研究的目的:
- 审查超出SCFA参与免疫调节的微生物代谢物.
- 探索分支SCFA (BCFA),酸盐和氨酸衍生物,二次胆酸 (BA),脂 (SL),组胺,多胺和奇链脂肪酸 (OCFA) 含有代谢物的免疫作用.
- 突出其在管理过敏疾病方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 关于肠道微生物代谢物和免疫功能研究的文献综述.
- 对将特定代谢物与免疫细胞群和炎症通路联系起来的研究进行分析.
- 关于非SCFA代谢物在过敏疾病中的作用的综合发现.
主要成果:
- 分支SCFA (BCFA) 有助于过敏的解决和耐受性.
- 微生物托衍生物 (例如,酸) 调节T辅助细胞17 (Th17) 和调节性T细胞.
- 二次胆汁酸 (例如,单一胆汁酸) 抑制Th17反应,而脂保持上皮完整性.
- 在过敏性疾病中观察到聚胺和OCFA代谢的改变.
结论:
- 除了SCFA之外,肠道微生物代谢物是宿主免疫反应的关键调节者.
- 这些代谢物,包括BCFA,醇衍生物和二次BA,在调节过敏炎症方面表现有前途.
- 针对微生物新陈代谢为过敏症患者提供了个性化治疗策略的潜在途径.
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