在使用多特征单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测方法的Karan Fries牛中改进了基因评估
I Ilayaraja1, A Chitra1, J Vyas1
1Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal 132001, India.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|November 11, 2025
概括
将基因组数据纳入Karan Fries (KF) 牛的育种计划可以显著提高遗传参数估计的准确性. 多特征单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (ssGBLUP) 提高了生产和繁殖特征的育种价值预测.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 基因组预测 基因组预测
- 提高畜牧业的改善
背景情况:
- 历史上,Karan Fries (KF) 牛的选择一直依赖于血统和表型数据.
- 基因组数据的整合有可能提高基因参数估计和育种价值预测的准确性.
- 单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (ssGBLUP) 方法的进步对于现代畜牧养殖至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用血统和有限的基因组数据评估KF牛乳生产特征遗传参数估计的准确性.
- 评估纳入基因组信息对育种价值预测准确性的影响.
- 为了比较单特征和多特征ssGBLUP模型的性能.
主要方法:
- 分析了8454个KF牛的表型记录和355个基因型动物.
- 使用限制最大概率 (REML) 和ssGREML,估计变异-共变成分和遗传参数.
- 应用单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (ssGBLUP) 来估计育种价值.
主要成果:
- 确定了总牛奶产量 (TMY),305天牛奶产量 (305-DMY),哺乳期峰值产量 (PY),干旱期 (DP) 和第一次分娩时的年龄 (AFC) 的遗传概率估计.
- 在牛奶生产特征 (TMY,305-DMY,PY) 中观察到高阳性遗传相关性.
- 多特征ssGBLUP提高了AFC的育种价值预测精度13%,其他特征显著提高 (AFC高达33.33%).
结论:
- 基因组数据的整合有效地提高了基因参数的准确性,用于KF牛的生产和繁殖特征.
- 多特征ssGBLUP能够进行早期选择,从而导致更有效的育种计划,即使基因组数据有限.
- 这些发现对利用基因组选择的热带牛养殖计划具有全球意义.
相关概念视频
Multiple Allele Traits
37.9K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
37.9K
Pedigree Analysis
88.7K
Overview
88.7K
Heritability
569
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
569
Multiple Regression
3.7K
Multiple regression assesses a linear relationship between one response or dependent variable and two or more independent variables. It has many practical applications.
Farmers can use multiple regression to determine the crop yield based on more than one factor, such as water availability, fertilizer, soil properties, etc. Here, the crop yield is the response or dependent variable as it depends on the other independent variables. The analysis requires the construction of a scatter plot...
Farmers can use multiple regression to determine the crop yield based on more than one factor, such as water availability, fertilizer, soil properties, etc. Here, the crop yield is the response or dependent variable as it depends on the other independent variables. The analysis requires the construction of a scatter plot...
3.7K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
17.9K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
17.9K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
565
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
565


