机器学习模型使用双相CT放射学来早期检测PRISm
Liang Fu1, Yu Cui2, Xingyun Wang1
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
Scientific reports
|November 11, 2025
概括
使用呼吸道CT扫描的机器学习模型有效地识别了保留比率损伤螺旋计 (PRISm),这是COPD早期阶段. 将临床数据与呼吸CT图像的后勤回归模型相结合,为早期诊断提供了一个有前途的方法.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 放射学 放射学是指放射学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 保存比例损伤螺旋计 (PRISm) 是慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的早期阶段.
- 早期识别PRISm对于改善患者预后和潜在地预防疾病进展至关重要.
- 当前的诊断方法可能无法完全捕捉到早期肺功能障碍的细微差别.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估用于早期识别PRISM的机器学习 (ML) 模型.
- 为了比较使用吸气,呼气和双相CT图像的模型的性能.
- 评估放射学特征与用于PRISM检测的临床数据相结合的附加值.
主要方法:
- 开发多种ML模型,包括逻辑回归 (LR),使用CT扫描的临床和放射学特征.
- 预计将招募270名受试者进行数据收集.
- 模型的验证使用培训,内部和外部数据集,分析吸气,呼气和双相CT图像.
主要成果:
- 结合的临床-放射学模型在所有CT阶段都超过了单独的临床模型.
- 基于LR的组合模型使用呼气或双相CT实现了最佳性能 (在训练中AUC高达0.901).
- 与单相呼气CT相比,添加启发性CT数据并没有显著改善模型性能.
结论:
- 建议使用单相呼气CT扫描,当与临床特征相结合并使用LR模型进行分析时,可用于有效的PRISM识别.
- 这种方法支持早期诊断和及时干预COPD风险患者.
- 这些发现突显了ML和放射学在早期肺部疾病检测中的潜力,使用易于获得的CT数据.
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