努力预期和在视觉搜索中的战略暗示使用
Sizhu Han1, Jan Tünnermann2, Sara Katharina Hornung2
1Cognitive Neuroscience of Perception and Action, Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany. sizhu.han@uni-marburg.de.
Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience
|November 11, 2025
概括
积极的线索有助于视觉搜索,但负面的线索没有可靠的好处. 当预期的努力与任务的难度相匹配时,搜索性能会提高,特别是在苛刻的情况中.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 积极的线索通过信号目标特征来促进视觉处理.
- 消极线索的实用性,这些线索表明分散注意力的特征,由于潜在的精神努力成本,人们对其理解程度较低.
- 以前的研究表明,暗示的有效性可能取决于减少搜索力度和使用暗示的努力之间的权衡.
研究的目的:
- 调查预期的精神努力对正面和负面视觉线索的有效性的影响.
- 检查努力预期如何与实际任务难度相互作用,以影响视觉搜索性能.
- 探索暗示使用中的主观努力/收益评估.
主要方法:
- 通过在区块内变化容易和困难试验的比例来操纵预期的努力.
- 在受控的努力预期下,比较了正,负和中性线索的影响.
- 评估视觉搜索性能和提示利用在不同的条件的预期和实际任务难度.
主要成果:
- 积极线索的好处随着搜索力度的增加而增加.
- 负面的暗示效应没有产生可靠的绩效效益,无论预期的努力如何.
- 当预期的努力与实际任务难度相匹配时,搜索性能得到了提高,特别是在困难的试验中.
结论:
- 努力预期显著调节视觉搜索中积极线索的好处.
- 负面线索在提高搜索性能方面似乎无效,即使在预期努力时也是如此.
- 努力预期和任务难度之间的相互作用影响视觉搜索,显著的不对称性有利于在困难任务中准确的努力预测.
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