实施罪税政策的促进者和障碍者:范围审查
Marziyeh Najafi1, Hamed Dehnavi2, Lida Shams2
1TDR Grantee at IIHMR University, Jaipur, India.
BMC public health
|November 11, 2025
概括
公共卫生税或罪税面临着像游说和消费者抵抗这样的实施障碍. 克服这些需要透明度,社区参与和负担得起的健康替代品,以获得更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 政策分析 政策分析
背景情况:
- 罪税是针对不健康产品的消费税,旨在改变行为和创造收入.
- 虽然研究了它们对行为的有效性,但实施障碍和促进因素的合成较少.
- 本次审查侧重于实际挑战和使罪税政策的采用和执行成为可能的因素.
研究的目的:
- 对实施罪税政策的障碍和促进因素进行范围审查.
- 为成功采用和执行罪税政策提供见解.
- 通过税收为改善公共卫生的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 与不健康的产品税政策相关的文件的范围审查在2024年进行.
- 在四个数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,Google Scholar) 进行了搜索,发现了1026份文件.
- 在全文审查后,使用MAXQDA-20选择了61份文件进行内容分析.
主要成果:
- 关键障碍包括工业游说,监管不协调,消费者价格阻力和有限的健康替代品.
- 还注意到行业对依赖地区经济影响的担忧.
- 促进者包括透明度,社区参与和负担得起的健康选择的可用性.
结论:
- 有效的罪税政策需要通过提高透明度,合作和改善获得健康产品的机会来解决障碍.
- 支持从不健康产品转型,提高意识和社区参与至关重要.
- 有针对性的补贴和考虑经济,社会和文化因素的综合方法对于成功至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:03Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
473
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
473
01:41Social Traps
26.3K
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
26.3K
01:25Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding
345
Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
345
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.9K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.9K
01:21Barriers to Effective Communication II
4.5K
The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
4.5K
01:03Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions
3.6K
Nursing interventions are chosen as part of the planning process to achieve patient outcomes. Once nursing diagnoses are determined, the goals and outcomes are specified, then the nursing interventions are selected and individualized according to the patient's situation.
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
3.6K