向气候适应性作物:生殖阶段的整合性策略 无生物应激耐受性
Mantesh Muttappagol1, Monica Sharma1,2, Dipen Nama Adhikari1
1Center for Biotechnology, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, India.
Physiologia plantarum
|November 11, 2025
概括
无生物应激会损害作物繁殖,特别是雌性体内细胞. 了解其弹性是开发气候智能作物的关键,以实现全球粮食安全.
科学领域:
- 植物生殖生物学 植物生殖生物学
- 无生物应激生理学的生理学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 无生物应激 (干旱,热,寒冷,盐分) 通过损害生殖发育,显著降低作物产量.
- 虽然研究了植物性应激耐受性,但在繁殖过程中雌性性质细胞的弹性仍然不太清楚,但对产量稳定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出女性体内细胞在植物应激弹性中的关键作用.
- 提出一个综合的系统级框架,以了解和改善生殖阶段的应激耐受性.
主要方法:
- 生理学评估和高通量表型鉴定,以评估雌同体和胚胎的性能.
- 多种omics方法 (基因组学,转录组学,蛋白质组学,代谢组学) 阐明调节途径.
- 新兴技术包括CRISPR/Cas基因组编辑,生物标志物发现和用于特征识别的机器学习.
主要成果:
- 无生物性压力破坏了关键的雌性性异构体过程,导致生育能力和产量下降.
- 一个整合性框架将来自omics和生理学的机械见解与繁殖策略联系起来.
- 计算工具和人工智能加速了压力弹性特征的识别和应用.
结论:
- 雌性类型细胞是提高作物应激抵抗力的关键,但却被忽视的目标.
- 整合多样化的方法为开发适应气候变化的作物品种提供了强大的框架.
- 这项研究有助于可持续农业,农民生计和全球粮食安全.
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