加纳肺炎:流行率,死亡率和抗菌素耐药性 - - 一项系统性审查和元分析
Frederick Kungu1, Aaron Awere-Duodu1, Eric S Donkor1
1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, P.O. Box KB 4236, Accra, Ghana.
肺炎影响加纳人的22.01%,在特定地区和5岁以下的儿童中患病率更高. 关键的风险因素包括室内空气污染,而Streptococcus pneumoniae对常见的抗生素具有很高的耐药性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肺炎是加纳疾病和死亡的重要原因,特别影响幼儿和老年人.
- 目前关于加纳肺炎流行和分布的数据有限,阻碍了有针对性的干预.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析加纳肺炎的流行率,区域差异,危险因素,抗菌素耐药性和死亡率.
- 提供全面的数据,为公共卫生战略提供信息,并确定研究缺口.
主要方法:
- 对21项涉及124,582名参与者的研究进行了系统性审查和随机效应元分析.
- 在PubMed,ScienceDirect,Web of Science和非洲在线期刊上进行了搜索.
- 通过Joana Briggs研究所的检查清单来评估研究质量.
主要成果:
- 加纳肺炎的综合流行率为22.01%,具有显著的区域差异 (例如,大阿克拉/北部的32.31%,上西部的4.83%).
- 在5岁以下的儿童中,患病率为17.79%. 肺炎链球菌是最常见的病原体,对co-trimoxazole, gentamicin 和 tetracycline 具有很高的耐药性 (>70%).
- 室内空气污染和季节性变化被确定为关键风险因素,肺炎死亡率为3.07%.
结论:
- 显著的区域差异,病原体耐药性和环境因素导致了加纳肺炎的负担.
- 调查结果强调需要有针对性的公共卫生战略和进一步研究环境驱动因素和抗生素耐药性监测.
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