从2013年到2023年,在产科研究摘要中报告统计推论的演变
概括
在产科研究中,对统计学意义的选择性报告仍然存在,尽管效果大小报告的增加,P值仍然很常见. 这种趋势可能表明根深蒂固的做法影响研究有效性.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 医学研究方法学 医学研究方法学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 基于显著性的统计结果的选择性报告破坏了研究的有效性,并可能误导临床决策.
- 这种报道偏差在产科研究中的程度尚不清楚.
- 了解报告趋势对于提高产科证据可靠性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析产科研究摘要中报告P值,效果大小和统计学显著发现的频率,模式和时间趋势.
- 评估从2013年到2023年在产科的统计报告实践的变化.
主要方法:
- 在Medline,Embase和Cochrane CENTRAL数据库中进行了全面的搜索,寻找2013年至2023年间发表的产科摘要.
- 自动化文本挖掘识别并提取统计推理报告,包括P值和效果大小.
- 提取的数据被分析为时间趋势,整体分布,以及跨不同研究设计的模式.
主要成果:
- 分析了超过23,000份产科摘要. 摘要中仅报告P值的比例保持在27%-28%左右.
- 单独报告效果大小或与P值一起报告的效果大小从2013年的22.1%大幅增加到2023年的39.5%.
- 摘要中没有报告P值和效果大小的百分比从49.4%降至32.9%. 很大一部分 (89%) 报告了统计学上显著的结果,随着时间的推移几乎没有变化.
结论:
- 虽然产科的效果大小报告正在增加,但依赖P值仍然存在.
- 统计学上显著发现的持续高率表明了该领域普遍存在的潜在报告偏见.
- 需要进一步努力,以促进在产科研究中的统计结果的全面和公正报告.
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