护士轮班工作障碍的患病率和风险因素:系统性审查和元分析
Xiaoyan Zhao1, Li Zhang2, Xinyue Zhang2
1School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.
International journal of nursing studies
|November 12, 2025
概括
轮班工作障碍影响了近一半的护士,导致睡眠障碍和认知问题. 减少夜间和快速班次,改善安排,并提供心理健康支持,可以减轻风险.
科学领域:
- 护理和医疗保健管理管理
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 轮班工作障碍 (SWD) 在护士中很普遍,导致昼夜节律障碍,嗜睡和认知障碍.
- 由于护士疲劳,SWD增加了心血管和代谢疾病的风险,并导致由于护士疲劳导致的患者安全问题.
- 与其他轮班工作专业人员相比,护士的SWD患病率更高.
研究的目的:
- 确定护士轮班工作障碍 (SWD) 的患病率和风险因素.
- 为优化护士安排和制定健康干预提供基于证据的指导.
- 解决SWD对护理人员和患者安全的重大影响.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和对24项涉及15479名护士的观察性研究的元分析.
- 搜索了9个数据库,截至2025年2月20日,遵守PRISMA指南.
- 使用随机效应模型,JBI工具进行质量评估,I平方测试进行异质性测试.
主要成果:
- 在护士中轮班工作障碍的综合患病率为45.5% (95%CI:39.2-51.8%).
- 在非洲 (51.0%) 和亚洲 (46.5%) 和三班模式 (61.7%) 的护士中观察到更高的患病率.
- 关键的危险因素包括高压力,夜班/快班次数,年龄增长,焦虑,抑郁和疲劳.
结论:
- 轮班工作障碍在护士中非常普遍,研究异质性很大.
- 建议减少快速/夜班,稳定时间表,加强心理健康支持和标准化评估工具.
- 结果支持医疗保健组织开发基于证据的干预措施,以打击护理中的SWD.
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