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老人和寒冷的人

Simon P Allison¹, Dileep N Lobo²

¹Formerly Professor of Clinical Nutrition, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN

|November 12, 2025

概括

经历营养不良的老年人有较高的低温和寒冷天气中事故的风险. 保持充足的营养和温暖对于预防老年人的严重健康后果至关重要.

科学领域:

身体生理学身体生理学
老年学是指老年学的学科.
环境健康环境健康

背景情况:

20世纪80年代对温度调节的研究突出了影响人体温度调节的因素.
关于退休人员冬季燃料支付的政治辩论促使对这项研究进行了审查.
老年人温度调节障碍会导致严重的健康问题,尤其是在寒冷的天气中.

研究的目的:

审查温度调节的生理机制.
检查营养状况和温度调节之间的关系.
了解老年人温度调节受损的后果,并将其与其他人口进行比较.

主要方法:

审查关于温度调节及其与营养关系的历史研究.
对老年人骨折大腿骨入院率与环境温度相关的分析.
在营养不良与营养良好的个体中对寒冷刺激的生理反应的比较.

主要成果:

在老年人中,随着温度的下降,骨骨折的入院率显著增加,特别是在严重营养不良 (300%的增长) 与营养良好 (30%的增长) 相比.
严重营养不良的个体经历了≥1°C的核心温度降低,而营养良好的个体保持了正常热量.
营养不良的个体对寒冷刺激失去正常的代谢反应 (代谢率增加10%),与营养良好组不同.

结论:

在老年人中,营养不良,轻度低温和意外之间存在因果关系.
由于营养不良导致的温度调节的生理挑战在老年人和极地探险者中是相似的.
确保老年人在冬季获得足够的温暖和营养,在医疗和人道主义方面是必不可少的.

关键词:

能源支出能源支出营养补充营养补充营养补充年长的成年人.热调节热调节热调节热调节营养不良可能导致营养不良.冬天的冬天冬天的冬天

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