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相关概念视频

Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions01:21

Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions

324
In cold weather, masonry construction requires specific precautions to ensure mortar does not freeze before curing, as this can significantly weaken its strength and watertightness. Mortar temperature should be maintained between 60°F and 80°F to support proper hydration and curing. Below 40°F, mortar water must be heated, but should not exceed 120°F as high temperatures can reduce mortar's compressive and bond strength.
Other key practices include keeping masonry units...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Cold Weather Concreting01:27

Cold Weather Concreting

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When freshly poured concrete is exposed to freezing temperatures before it has set, the water within the concrete can freeze. This expansion disrupts the setting process, delays chemical reactions necessary for hardening, and increases the volume of pores within the hardened concrete, which weakens its overall structure. If the concrete manages to reach an appreciable strength before it freezes, the damage can be somewhat mitigated.
To counteract the negative impacts of cold weather, ensuring...
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Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

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Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
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Thermosensation01:43

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels
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Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels

Published on: July 3, 2025

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老人和寒冷的人.

Simon P Allison1, Dileep N Lobo2

  • 1Formerly Professor of Clinical Nutrition, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN
|November 12, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

经历营养不良的老年人有较高的低温和寒冷天气中事故的风险. 保持充足的营养和温暖对于预防老年人的严重健康后果至关重要.

关键词:
能源支出 能源支出营养补充 营养补充 营养补充年长的成年人.热调节 热调节 热调节 热调节营养不良可能导致营养不良.冬天的冬天 冬天的冬天

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科学领域:

  • 身体生理学 身体生理学
  • 老年学是指老年学的学科.
  • 环境健康 环境健康

背景情况:

  • 20世纪80年代对温度调节的研究突出了影响人体温度调节的因素.
  • 关于退休人员冬季燃料支付的政治辩论促使对这项研究进行了审查.
  • 老年人温度调节障碍会导致严重的健康问题,尤其是在寒冷的天气中.

研究的目的:

  • 审查温度调节的生理机制.
  • 检查营养状况和温度调节之间的关系.
  • 了解老年人温度调节受损的后果,并将其与其他人口进行比较.

主要方法:

  • 审查关于温度调节及其与营养关系的历史研究.
  • 对老年人骨折大腿骨入院率与环境温度相关的分析.
  • 在营养不良与营养良好的个体中对寒冷刺激的生理反应的比较.

主要成果:

  • 在老年人中,随着温度的下降,骨骨折的入院率显著增加,特别是在严重营养不良 (300%的增长) 与营养良好 (30%的增长) 相比.
  • 严重营养不良的个体经历了≥1°C的核心温度降低,而营养良好的个体保持了正常热量.
  • 营养不良的个体对寒冷刺激失去正常的代谢反应 (代谢率增加10%),与营养良好组不同.

结论:

  • 在老年人中,营养不良,轻度低温和意外之间存在因果关系.
  • 由于营养不良导致的温度调节的生理挑战在老年人和极地探险者中是相似的.
  • 确保老年人在冬季获得足够的温暖和营养,在医疗和人道主义方面是必不可少的.