通过能力建设改善LMIC儿童手术的准入:系统性审查
Mahnoor Malik1, Soham Bandyopadhyay2,3, Namayah Syeda Fatima Hussain4
1Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pediatrics
|November 12, 2025
概括
能力建设项目改善了低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的儿科外科护理. 本综述确定了实施这些对需要手术的儿童至关重要的干预措施的有效方法和障碍.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 儿科手术 儿科手术
- 加强卫生系统 加强卫生系统
背景情况:
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 中,儿科外科条件导致显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 在LMICs,由于外科医生短缺,培训不足和财务限制,获得儿科外科护理是有限的.
- 有一种转向能力建设的举措,以提高当地医疗保健资源和技能.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合关于在LMICs内的儿科手术能力建设项目的文献.
- 确定与这些干预相关的方法,结果,局限性和障碍.
主要方法:
- 在 MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane 和 Web of Science 数据库中搜索到 2023 年 5 月.
- 包括专注于儿科手术患者的研究,能力增强干预,改善访问 (兰塞特全球手术指标委员会) 的研究,并在世界银行定义的LMIC中进行.
- 两个独立的审查员进行了研究选和数据提取.
主要成果:
- 八十项研究符合纳入标准,详细介绍了69个LMIC的干预措施,使用了19种不同的能力建设方法.
- 常见的方法包括国际外科访问,培训计划,合作伙伴关系,移动诊所,基础设施增强和远程医疗.
- 这些干预措施促进了1,357,077次儿科手术,在培训当地提供者和改善农村接入方面取得了显著的成功.
结论:
- 该审查强调了成功实施儿科手术能力增强干预措施在LMICs的成功方法,并确定了挑战.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑报告的伦理考虑和定量结果,以严格评估干预的有效性.
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