通过ATGL介导的脂解对于肌细胞线粒体功能,线粒体-脂质滴滴相互作用和线粒体网络连接性至关重要
Anne Gemmink1, Tineke van de Weijer2, Gert Schaart3
1Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism; Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Institute of Molecular Bioscience, University of Graz; 8010 Graz, Austria.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids
|November 12, 2025
概括
脂肪组织的缺陷三甘油脂酶 (ATGL) 损害了线粒体功能. 刺激PPARδ会改善线粒体呼吸,但这种效果在功能障碍的ATGL下降,突出显示ATGL.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 代谢障碍 代谢障碍 代谢障碍
- 线粒体生物学 线粒体生物学
背景情况:
- 脂肪组织三甘油脂酶 (ATGL) 介导的脂解对于细胞能量恒温至关重要.
- 在ATGL的缺陷导致脂质滴积累和线粒体功能障碍.
- 过氧体增殖器激活受体 (PPAR) 激动剂可以拯救线粒体功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 研究ATGL介导的脂解在维护线粒体网络连接性和功能中的作用.
- 为了确定PPARα和/或PPARδ激活是否可以缓解ATGL缺乏相关的线粒体损伤.
- 探索ATGL功能障碍对线粒体-脂质滴滴相互作用的影响.
主要方法:
- 培养了来自中性脂质储存疾病与肌肉病 (NLSDM) 患者的人类原发性髓管,具有功能障碍的ATGL.
- 在健康捐赠者的髓管中使用了人性化的ATGL抑制剂.
- 刺激PPARδ转录活性,以评估对线粒体功能和网络动态的影响.
主要成果:
- 功能障碍的ATGL损害了线粒体-脂质滴滴接触和线粒体网络连接.
- 刺激PPARδ转录活性显著改善了健康肌管中的线粒体呼吸 (> 50%).
- 对呼吸的PPARδ刺激的积极影响在具有功能障碍的ATGL的肌管中减弱.
- PPARδ刺激没有改变线粒体-脂质滴滴接触,网络连接或膜潜力.
结论:
- 功能性ATGL对于维持线粒体-脂质滴滴接触和网络连接至关重要.
- 需要ATGL才能充分利用PPARδ激活对线粒体呼吸能力的影响.
- 这些发现强调了ATGL在线粒体健康和能量代谢中的关键作用.
相关概念视频
Overview of Lipid Metabolism
4.8K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
4.8K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria
11.9K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
11.9K
Lipid Catabolism
833
Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
833
Fats as Energy Storage Molecules
26.8K
Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis...
26.8K
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
4.5K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
4.5K
Mitochondrial Membranes
16.6K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
16.6K


