推迟模仿:九个月的革命还是六个月的新兴能力?
Sofie A Beyer1, Trine Sonne1, Osman S Kingo1
1Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
概括
6个月的婴儿可以用各种物体进行推迟模仿,而不仅仅是木偶. 年龄较大的婴儿表现出更好的模仿技巧,突出显示出第一年显著的发育变化.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 婴儿行为婴儿行为
背景情况:
- 推迟模仿是一种关键的社会认知能力,大约在9个月左右出现.
- 之前的研究表明,从6个月开始就有早期的模仿技能,经常使用木偶任务.
研究的目的:
- 调查6-12个月龄的婴儿延迟模仿能力.
- 检查对象类型是否影响推迟模仿性能.
- 为了澄清推迟模仿的发展时间表.
主要方法:
- 在四个年龄组 (6,8,10,12个月) 的200名婴儿进行了推迟模仿任务.
- 五个不同的物体,包括一个木偶,被用来展示行动.
- 在示范和召回之间实施了24小时的延迟.
主要成果:
- 所有年龄段的婴儿在24小时的延迟后都表现出对各种物体的延迟模仿.
- 观察到一个显著的发育趋势,比较年长的婴儿比较年轻的婴儿模仿更多的行为.
- 研究结果表明,成功的延迟模仿从6个月起就存在.
结论:
- 从6个月起的婴儿可以使用各种物体实现推迟模仿.
- 模仿技能的显著发展进展发生在人生第一年后半年.
- 这些结果完善了我们对早期社会认知发育的理解.
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