关于尼古丁胺及其在治疗青光眼中的应用的最新消息
Ta-Hung Chiu1, Shih-Heng Hung2, Chiao-Hsin Lan3
1Department of General Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical University, Taipei 114202, Taiwan.
International journal of molecular sciences
|November 13, 2025
概括
尼古丁胺 (NAM),一种维生素B3形式,通过提高NAD+水平,在保护视网膜质细胞 (RGCs) 免受与玻璃眼相关的视力损失方面表现有前途. 进一步的研究可能会将NAM确立为青光眼患者的补充疗法.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 代谢医学是一种代谢医学.
背景情况:
- 玻璃眼瘤是全球不可逆转失明的主要原因,尽管有足够的眼内压力控制,但通常会进展.
- 视网膜质细胞 (RGCs) 在代谢上很脆弱,尼古丁胺氨酸二核酸 (NAD+) 水平下降会影响线粒体功能和生存.
- 尼古丁胺 (NAM) 是NAD+前体和维生素B3形式,在临床前和早期临床研究中显示出神经保护作用.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查NAM在眼神经保护中的治疗潜力的证据.
- 探索涉及的代谢途径和临床应用中的挑战.
- 提出一个框架来重新利用NAM作为辅助的玻璃眼治疗.
主要方法:
- 综合从细胞,分子,动物和流行病学研究的数据综合的综合文献综述.
- 分析NAM在NAD+合成和RGC代谢支持中的作用.
- 对临床前模型的检查和对NAM疗效的初步临床研究.
主要成果:
- 纳姆表现出神经保护性质,在各种模型中保存RGC形态和功能.
- 有证据表明,NAM可以抵消与NAD+枯竭相关的RGC代谢缺陷.
- 临床前和临床初步数据支持NAM在绿眼病中的潜力.
结论:
- 通过解决RGC代谢功能障碍,NAM显示出作为青光眼神经保护剂的显著前景.
- 重新利用NAM为全面的绿眼病管理提供了一个潜在的补充策略.
- 未来的临床开发应该专注于最佳的剂量,输送和患者选择NAM治疗.
相关概念视频
01:27Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
940
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
940
01:28Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
1.1K
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
1.1K
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
1.2K
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.2K
01:11Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses
1.5K
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
1.5K
01:23Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
2.0K
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
2.0K
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
699
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
699