微RNA作为新兴的治疗点 调节头部和部状细胞癌中的瘤微环境
Roxana Daniela Brata1, Lavinia Marcut2, Alina Cristina Barb3
1Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
International journal of molecular sciences
|November 13, 2025
概括
微RNAs (miRNAs) 显著影响头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 的进展和瘤微环境 (TME). 用纳米技术准这些miRNA为HNSCC提供了有前途的精确疗法.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 头状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 是一种具有复杂瘤微环境 (TME) 的侵袭性恶性瘤.
- 微RNAs (miRNAs) 在HNSCC进展,免疫逃避,血管生成和 stromal重塑中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解TME内的miRNA介导途径对于开发新型治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于miRNA介导的调节HNSCC中TME的分子通路的知识.
- 讨论新兴的基于纳米载体和外体的miRNA传递系统,用于HNSCC治疗.
- 突出miRNA向策略的潜力,作为HNSCC的精密疗法.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了目前关于miRNAs和HNSCC TME的研究.
- 分析关键的miRNAs (例如,miR-21,miR-146a,miR-221) 和它们的信号作用.
- 评估基于纳米技术的治疗方法,用于miRNA输送.
主要成果:
- 特定的miRNA编排双向信号,影响HNSCC的攻击性和治疗阻力.
- 纳米技术可以开发miRNA模拟器,antagomiRs和TME重编程的外体系统.
- 临床翻译的挑战包括有针对性的输送,分子稳定性和瘤异质性.
结论:
- 针对miRNA的策略有可能成为HNSCC新一代精密疗法.
- 通过miRNA调制重新编程TME可以将其转向抗瘤状态.
- 通过基于miRNA的方法,将分子瘤学的见解与个性化的HNSCC治疗联系起来是可以实现的.
相关概念视频
MicroRNAs
3.8K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.8K
MicroRNAs
23.9K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
23.9K
The Tumor Microenvironment
7.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.6K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
18.3K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
18.3K
Abnormal Proliferation
5.1K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.1K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
9.7K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
9.7K


