在瘤学和心脏病学中向人工智能发展:对系统,挑战和机会的叙述性审查
Visar Vela1, Ali Yasin Sonay2, Perparim Limani3
1Centre Suisse de Contrôle de Qualité, 1225 Geneva, Switzerland.
Journal of clinical medicine
|November 13, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI),机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 正在改变临床研究,为瘤学和心脏病学中的复杂试验提供解决方案. 在数据协调,验证和个性化医疗的伦理实施方面仍然存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 人工智能 (AI),机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 在临床研究中的进步.
背景情况:
- 人工智能正在通过实现高维数据分析和自动化诊断/预后测试来彻底改变临床研究.
- 机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 为复杂而昂贵的临床试验提供解决方案,特别是图像和信号数据.
- 需要在临床教育中采取新的方法,以有效地整合AI.
研究的目的:
- 探索当前和新兴的AI应用在瘤学和心脏病学.
- 突出AI在临床研究中的实际使用案例.
- 讨论对负责任的人工智能采用的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在临床研究中对人工智能的叙事审查,重点关注承诺,用例和局限性.
- 在PubMed (2019-2025) 中使用关键词进行文献搜索:"人工智能"",机器学习"",深度学习"",瘤学"",心脏学"",数字双胞胎"",AI-ECG".
- 包括使用验证或临床适用的AI工具的研究;不包括非英语文章,会议摘要和灰色文献.
主要成果:
- 人工智能显示出提高诊断准确度,生物标志物发现和早期疾病检测的潜力.
- 临床试验中的AI应用包括改善患者分层,选址和使用数字双胞胎的虚拟模拟.
- 发现的挑战包括数据协调,模型验证,跨学科培训,公平性,可解释性和黄金标准的稳定性.
结论:
- 将人工智能整合到临床研究中可以提高效率,降低成本,推进个性化医疗.
- 实现人工智能的潜力需要强大的验证,透明的解释性和利益相关者之间的合作.
- 可互操作的数据系统和跨学科教育对于医疗保健中的可扩展,道德和可信赖的AI至关重要.
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