妊娠期糖尿病的风险可能因出生月份而有所不同
Eusebio Chiefari1,2, Maria Mirabelli1,2, Livia Cornelia Chiefari3
1Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Journal of clinical medicine
|November 13, 2025
概括
出生时间影响妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 风险. 寒冷月份出生的婴儿面临更高的GDM风险,而温暖月份出生的婴儿具有保护作用.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康和内分泌学
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
背景情况:
- 产前环境暴露越来越多地被认为对影响长期疾病易感性的作用.
- 以前的研究表明,出生季节与患2型糖尿病等疾病的风险之间存在联系.
- 出生时间与妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 之间的潜在关联需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查出生季节和月份与患妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 的风险之间的关联.
- 分析与特定队列内的GDM发病率相关的出生时间模式.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究,涉及8744名在2011年8月至2020年3月期间接受GDM查的孕妇.
- 纳入标准侧重于在意大利卡拉布里亚出生和长大的妇女,遵守卫生部的指导方针.
- 统计分析包括后勤回归和Cosinor分析,以评估季节性周期性和风险因素.
主要成果:
- 出生分布显示1月份的高峰和10月份的低谷.
- 1月份出生与明显更高的GDM风险相关 (OR 1.287,p=0.003).
- 10月份和6月份的出生表明了保护作用 (分别为OR 0.800,p=0.013和OR 0.818,p=0.030).
- 寒冷月份的分娩增加了GDM风险 (OR 1.196,p<0.001),而温暖月份的分娩是保护性的 (OR 0.834,p<0.001).
- 在口服葡萄糖耐受性测试 (p=0.0053) 中,Cosinor分析证实了空腹葡萄糖水平的显著季节性周期性 (p=0.0053).
结论:
- 出生的季节和月份与妊娠期糖尿病风险有很大关系.
- 在寒冷的月份出生似乎会使个体易患GDM,而温暖的月份则提供保护.
- 这些发现表明,早期的季节性影响,可能涉及母亲高血糖症,可能会影响未来的GDM风险.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
4.3K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.3K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
3.1K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.1K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
4.8K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.8K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
2.0K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.0K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
665
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
665
Carbohydrate Metabolism
13.7K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
13.7K


