不同饮食模式对认知健康的影响:从前性队列研究中获得的累积证据
Youngyo Kim1, Minkyung Je2, Kyeonghoon Kang2
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Molecular Alchemy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients
|November 13, 2025
概括
心灵饮食和健康的植物性饮食指数 (hPDI) 支持认知健康,而西方饮食模式 (WDP) 是有害的. 这篇评论强调了饮食对老年成年人大脑功能的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人口老龄化面临痴呆症发病率增加,影响生活质量和社会经济负担.
- 认知衰退和痴呆症对成人福祉和医疗保健系统构成重大挑战.
- 了解饮食等可修改因素对于缓解认知衰老至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查对成人饮食模式和认知结果的前性队列研究.
- 确定促进或阻碍认知功能并降低痴呆风险的特定饮食.
- 为针对认知健康的饮食干预提供基于证据的见解.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed®/MEDLINE®数据库中进行全面的文献搜索,截至2024年10月30日.
- 包括118篇研究饮食模式和认知健康的出版物.
- 对聚焦成年人群的前性队列研究的分析.
主要成果:
- 地中海饮食方法阻止高血压干预神经退行性延迟 (MIND) 饮食增强了认知功能,降低了认知障碍的风险.
- 健康植物性饮食指数 (hPDI) 降低了认知障碍和痴呆的风险.
- 西方饮食模式 (WDP) 与认知功能下降有关,而其他饮食显示混合或没有显著影响.
结论:
- 在支持认知健康和预防神经退行方面,MIND饮食和hPDI显示出有前途.
- WDP似乎对认知功能有害,这强调了饮食选择的重要性.
- 需要对各种饮食模式进行进一步的研究,以确认与认知健康的关联.
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