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智利青少年能源饮料消费的流行程度和决定因素
Sandra López-Arana1, Edson Bustos-Arriagada1
1Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Providencia 7501014, Chile.
Nutrients
|November 13, 2025
概括
智利青少年的能量饮料消费量很高,性别差异很大. 家长监测是减少这种危险行为的关键因素,突出了它对公共卫生预防的重要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 能量饮料 (ED) 消费是青少年日益关注的全球问题,与心血管问题和睡眠障碍等严重健康问题有关.
- 在智利,从2010年到2020年,每月人均ED消费 (年龄在14-30岁) 增加了9倍,这凸显了这一公共卫生问题的紧迫性.
- 将能量饮料与酒精 (AmED) 结合在一起会带来额外的风险,特别是在年轻人群中.
研究的目的:
- 确定智利青少年 (8-12年级) 中能量饮料消费的流行情况.
- 确定与能量饮料消费和酒精混合能量饮料 (AmED) 消费相关的社会人口统计学和家庭因素.
- 为预防青少年使用能量饮料的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了2023年智利第十五次全国学校人口研究 (ENPE) 的数据,这是一个全国代表性的调查.
- 包括45 042名青少年的最终样本.
- 采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来评估社会人口统计学变量,家长监测和ED/AmED消费之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 消费ED的终身患病率为71.0% (女性72.8%,男性69.4%);过去一个月的患病率为46.2% (男性48.3%,女性43.9%).
- 饮用酒精混合能量饮料 (AmED) 的一生患病率为23.2% (女性26.4%,男性19.9%).
- 更高的消费率与年龄,学年级和土著身份有关. 家长的监测和参与显示了与ED和AMED使用的反向关系.
结论:
- 智利青少年的能量饮料消费率很高,基于性别的模式很明显.
- 父母监督和家庭凝聚力是防止青少年饮用能量饮料和AMED消费的重要保护因素.
- 公共卫生干预应优先加强家庭保护因素,以减轻青少年能量饮料的使用.
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