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Vlado Sruk¹, Siniša Fajt¹, Miljenko Krhen²

¹University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 13, 2025

概括

本研究介绍了一种基于振动的轨道异常检测 (VTAD) 系统,使用公共电车作为移动传感器. 它可靠地检测轨道异常,准确度高,提供一个具有成本效益的预测性维护解决方案.

科学领域:

工程工程师工程师工程师
运输科学运输科学
智慧城市基础设施智慧城市基础设施

背景情况:

城市电车基础设施需要持续监测安全性和效率.
使用专用诊断列车的传统方法往往是昂贵和低效的.
将状态监测集成到现有的公共交通中提供了一种新的方法.

研究的目的:

介绍基于振动的轨道异常检测 (VTAD) 系统,用于实时监测城市电车基础设施.
利用公共交通工具作为分布式移动传感器平台.
建立一个具有成本效益和可扩展的预测性维护解决方案.

主要方法:

集成低成本的微型电机系统 (MEMS) 加速度计,全球定位系统 (GPS) 模块和ESP32微控制器.
使用消息队列遥测传输 (MQTT) 进行无线数据传输,以持续监控状态.
将±6σ统计值应用于用于异常检测的垂直振动信号.

主要成果:

现场测试证明了可靠的检测和轨道异常的位置,准确度达到测量器水平.
该系统成功地将公共交通工具转换为有效的移动传感器平台.
通过重复测量验证证实了系统的可靠性.

结论:

VTAD系统为电车基础设施提供了一个经过验证,具有成本效益和可扩展的预测性维护解决方案.
该系统可以集成到智能交通系统和智能城市基础设施中.
这种方法消除了专门诊断列车的需求,优化了资源配置.

关键词:

检测异常检测异常检测预测性维护是指预测性维护.城市电车基础设施城市电车.作为传感器的车辆基于振动的监测监测基于振动的监测.

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