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一个卫星驱动的模型,用于监测城市物质代谢,体内排放和碳化

Yu Nie^1,2,3, Ting Mao^1,2,3, Yupeng Liu^1,3,4

¹State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China.

Environmental science & technology

|November 13, 2025

概括

一个新的自下而上的框架使用机器学习和卫星图像准确地绘制城市建筑变化. 这种方法揭示了门.

科学领域:

城市新陈代谢和可持续性
遥感和地理空间分析
建筑生命周期评估

背景情况:

城市系统推动全球物质消耗和碳排放.
了解城市新陈代谢的现有方法依赖于聚合数据,限制了对微细规模动态的洞察力.
准确,高分辨率的数据对于有效的城市规划和可持续性倡议至关重要.

研究的目的:

开发一个综合的,自下而上的框架来重建城市代谢历史.
使用机器学习和卫星图像创建一个动态的3D建筑动态 (3D-BD) 模型.
在城市建筑生命周期内量化材料库存,流量,体现的排放和碳汇.

主要方法:

开发了一个定制的机器学习工作流,应用于多时代,开源卫星图像.
创建了一个动态的3D建筑动态 (3D-BD) 模型来映射建筑属性 (足迹,高度,类型,建筑/拆除年份).
将3D-BD模型与GIS-材料流量分析 (MFA) 和生命周期评估 (LCA) 模型集成.

主要成果:

3D-BD模型在估计建筑高度 (R2=0.81) 和检测建筑/拆迁年 (F1分数为0.89和0.81) 中取得了高准确度.
门的建筑库在30年内增加了五倍,物资流入在21世纪初达到顶峰,拆除流出量上升,表明城市更新.
水泥碳化作为一个显著的碳汇,抵消大约6.6%的建筑物库的总生命周期体现的排放.

结论:

开发的可转让框架为城市碳预算提供了更完整的核算.
这种高分辨率的方法克服了了解城市代谢的上下数据的局限性.
这些发现为指导可持续城市规划和实现净零转型提供了强有力的工具.

关键词:

建筑高度建筑高度建筑物库存建筑物库存建筑物复古的复古建筑物碳化的碳化.工业生态工业生态学生命周期评估生命周期评估材料流分析材料流分析远程传感是一种遥感技术.城市的新陈代谢.城市化的城市化.

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