白质微观结构在中晚成年期受到阿尔茨海默病的途径分层多基因风险的影响
Judith R Harrison1,2, Sonya F Foley2, Emily Simmonds3
1Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|November 13, 2025
概括
阿尔茨海默病的途径特异性多基因风险得分与老年人的白质变化有关,但与年轻人不同. 扩散MRI可能有助于识别早期阿尔茨海默病的遗传风险因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 涉及渐进的白质变性,可能在几十年之前出现症状.
- 全基因组多基因风险评分 (PRS) 量化了AD的遗传责任,但缺乏机械特异性.
- 路径特定的PRS可以针对AD研究的生物区域,如tau结合和脂质代谢.
研究的目的:
- 在整个生命周期中调查特定途径PRS和白质微观结构之间的关联.
- 确定针对特定生物通路的PRS是否与扩散MRI测量有差异性联系.
- 探索阿尔茨海默病中对大脑结构的遗传影响的年龄相关的出现.
主要方法:
- 分析了两个基于人群的队列 (ALSPAC和英国生物库) 与扩散MRI和遗传数据.
- 使用GWAS总结统计数据构建全基因组和9个特定途径的ADPRS.
- 评估PRS与分数异构 (FA) 和平均扩散率 (MD) 的关键白质通道 (背环,近海马环,) 的关联,使用多重线性回归.
主要成果:
- 在老年人中 (英国生物库),蛋白质脂质复合体组合的PRS和陶蛋白结合与环段的FA减少和MD增加有关.
- 这些通路特定的PRS解释了老年人中比单独的APOE更大的变异.
- 在年轻成年人 (ALSPAC) 或虫中没有发现显著的PRS关联,全基因组PRS显示出较弱的效果.
结论:
- 阿尔茨海默病的途径特异性多基因风险在成年期中到晚期的白质微观结构中表现出来,而不是早期成年期.
- 这表明,与阿尔茨海默病相关的大脑变化的遗传影响的年龄相关的出现.
- 扩散MRI表型可以作为理解临床前AD脆弱性的中间生物标志物.
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