关于疫苗接种需求指数的建议,以优先考虑巴西市政干预措施
Fredi Alexander Diaz-Quijano1,2, Isaac Negretto Schrarstzhaupt2,3, Francieli Fontana Sutile Tardetti Fantinato4
1School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Laboratório de Inferência Causal em Epidemiologia [Laboratory of Causal Inference in Epidemiology] - LINCE-USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
一个新的疫苗接种需求指数有助于优先考虑巴西市政府的儿童疫苗接种计划. 它确定了未接种疫苗的儿童和社会经济不平等的地区,指导了资源分配,以防止疾病爆发.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 解决人口健康问题需要在不可比较的尺度上整合指标.
- 疫苗接种是公共卫生的基石,需要有效的优先级策略.
研究的目的:
- 提出和实施疫苗接种需求指数.
- 利用关于儿童用标记剂疫苗的国家行政数据.
- 支持优先考虑巴西市政部门.
主要方法:
- 通过使用来自巴西5570个市镇 (2018-2022) 的国家行政数据进行了生态研究.
- 通过整合转换和标准化指标,开发了疫苗接种需求指数.
- 这些指标包括疫苗接种覆盖率和易受喉,结节炎和脊髓灰质炎 (DTP),脊髓灰质炎和麻疹,疹和风疹 (MMR) 疫苗的儿童.
主要成果:
- 2022年全国覆盖率为DTP的79%,小儿麻症的67.7%,MMR的46.1%.
- 大约有350万,48万和790万名儿童仍未接种DTP,脊髓灰质炎和MMR疫苗.
- 根据该指数确定的前5%的市镇显示,来自法律亚马逊地区和特殊卫生土著区的代表性更高,收入不平等更高.
结论:
- 疫苗接种需求指数有效地整合了疫苗接种指标,以识别与脆弱性和社会经济不平等相交的人口.
- 该指数提供了一种实用且可扩展的工具,用于指导干预和优化资源配置.
- 这种方法可以帮助防止疫苗可预防疾病的复发.
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