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外体细胞在癌症免疫治疗中的进展

Yueyou Wang¹, Jingyuan Wang¹, Han Li¹

¹Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

Cell biochemistry and function

|November 13, 2025

概括

外体是癌症免疫疗法的关键参与者,影响瘤微环境和耐药性. 工程外体提供了个性化癌症治疗的有前途的诊断和治疗潜力.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
免疫学免疫学免疫学
生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

癌症免疫疗法面临着瘤微环境 (TME) 异质性和耐药性的挑战.
外体,纳米级的细胞外囊泡 (EVs),是细胞间通信的关键媒介,在癌症中具有双重作用.
了解外体的功能对于推进癌症治疗策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

审查外体在癌症免疫治疗中的多方面的作用.
探索对TME调制,免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 耐药性和癌症进展中的外体参与.
突出外体在个性化癌症护理中的诊断和治疗潜力.

主要方法:

在癌症免疫治疗中对外体功能的文献综述.
在TME内对外体介导细胞间通信的分析.
评估用于液体活检的外体生物标志物和用于治疗应用的工程外体.

主要成果:

瘤衍生外体 (TDE) 促进TME免疫抑制,癌症相关纤维细胞 (CAF) 激活和血管生成,有助于ICI耐药性.
外体生物分子 (例如,尿路微RNA,血清长非编码RNA) 显示出作为敏感液体活检标记物的潜力.
工程外体可以激活抗瘤免疫力,克服ICI耐药性,显示出治疗前景.

结论:

外基因组作为早期癌症检测和监测的诊断工具具有显著的潜力.
工程外生体为增强抗瘤免疫力和逆转药物耐药性提供了一条新的治疗途径.
外基因组是开发个性化癌症治疗的有希望的基础.

关键词:

癌症免疫疗法免疫疗法外基因组是外基因组的组成部分.没有编码的RNAs.

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