对比否定增加了自然场景中的面部pareidolia率
Benjamin Balas1,2, Myra Morton1,3, Molly Setchfield1,4
1Psychology Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
Journal of vision
|November 13, 2025
概括
在日常物体中看到面孔,称为面部pareidolia,当图像被反差否定时会增加. 这种干扰会削弱大脑的功能.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 面部pareidolia涉及在非面部刺激中感知面部,与真实对象的识别共存.
- 人们认为,面部特征 (眼睛,嘴巴) 的规范安排主要驱动 pareidolic 感知.
- 在自然场景中,真实性和 pareidolic 解释之间的竞争可能会限制面部 pareidolia.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否破坏自然纹理的真实识别可以增强面部pareidolia.
- 为了测试对比否定通过削弱非面部解释来增加面部pareidolia的假设.
主要方法:
- 成年人 (n=27) 和儿童 (n=67) 查看了自然纹理图像 (草,叶子,贝,岩石).
- 参与者在没有时间或尺寸限制的情况下识别和环绕类似面部的图案.
- 图像以正色和反差否定两种格式呈现.
主要成果:
- 与对比度相反的图像导致在成人和儿童样本中显著更多的类似面部图案检测.
- 干扰中高层次的视觉识别过程似乎可以增强 pareidolic 经验.
结论:
- 削弱对刺激的真实感知增加了检测pareidolic面孔的可能性.
- 这一发现支持了面部pareidolia的双重性质模型,显示了破坏一个方面如何增强另一个方面.
- 对比否定通过损害对象的准确识别来增强儿童和成年人的面部pareidolia.
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