学校年龄儿童的症状表征和症状管理:一个主题分析
Minahil Usman1, Lauri A Linder2,3
1University of Utah, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology nursing
|November 13, 2025
概括
患有癌症的学龄儿童定义症状,并希望父母和临床医生积极管理它们. 他们希望照顾者理解他们的感受,并主动提供安慰和照顾.
科学领域:
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 定性研究是指质量研究.
- 症状管理 症状管理
背景情况:
- 了解儿童对症状的看法对于以人为中心的护理至关重要.
- 在儿科瘤学中,有效的症状评估和治疗需要了解儿童的经历.
- 以前的研究还没有完全捕捉到学校年龄的癌症儿童如何描述他们的症状和首选的治疗策略.
研究的目的:
- 描述患有癌症的学龄儿童 (6-12岁) 如何描述他们的症状.
- 探索儿童对症状管理偏好和实践的看法.
- 为发展以儿童为中心的症状评估和儿童癌症护理干预方法提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从21名患有癌症的学龄儿童的认知访谈中获得的定性数据的二次分析.
- 音频录制的采访,持续时间中位数为14.2分钟,被转录.
- 使用Dedoose软件进行诱导性主题分析,以确定儿童对症状和治疗描述的模式.
主要成果:
- 儿童将症状定义为主观的感觉状态和基于过去经历的特定身体表现.
- 症状管理的特点是自我主动的行动和他人,特别是父母采取的行动.
- 孩子们将父母视为中间人,期望他们"了解"他们的感受,并主动寻求症状缓解.
结论:
- 一个涉及儿童,父母和临床团队的症状管理三元模型是必不可少的.
- 儿童希望临床医生使用适合年龄的语言,并主动解决他们的症状经历.
- 干预措施应侧重于增强儿科瘤临床医生的以儿童为中心的沟通和症状评估技能.
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