注意 (不断扩大的) 差距:为什么公共卫生现在必须与人工智能接触
Paula Del Rey Puech1, Rebecca Payne2, Jasjot Saund3
1Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Public health
|November 13, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 为公共卫生提供了重大机遇,包括加强疾病监测和个性化干预. 然而,必须解决数据偏差和系统碎片化等挑战,以确保公平的AI集成.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生信息学 公共卫生信息学
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
- 计算流行病学计算流行病学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地因其在包括公共卫生在内的各个部门的变革潜力而得到认可.
- 了解人工智能在公共卫生中的具体应用,机遇和挑战对于有效的战略制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地研究人工智能 (AI) 在公共卫生系统中的整合所带来的机遇和挑战.
- 探索人工智能在改善人口健康结果,疾病监测和健康公平方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用了叙事评论和概念分析方法.
- 该分析利用了即将出版的一本书的材料,并专注于人工智能在人口层面的整合,考虑公平,治理和实施.
- 公共卫生的关键原则,包括预防,系统思维和健康的社会决定因素,为分析提供了信息.
主要成果:
- 人工智能应用超越了自动化,在了解健康决定因素,识别风险人群和支持行为改变方面提供了先进的能力.
- 人工智能可以显著提高疾病监测,预测建模和公共沟通策略.
- 关键障碍包括分散的系统,数据访问问题,资源限制,劳动力准备差距以及人工智能偏见和生成人工智能不准确等技术挑战.
结论:
- 积极和有意识地参与人工智能是防止现有的健康不平等加剧的必要条件.
- 建议包括将人工智能培训纳入公共卫生教育,培养多学科团队,投资数据基础设施和采用参与式方法.
- 公共卫生界有道德义务积极参与人工智能,以塑造其负责任的发展和部署.
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