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使用高能量密度金属电池的氧集群调节相间化学

Wenjie Lin¹, Qiang Gao¹, Yi Zhang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|November 13, 2025

概括

在高压金属电池中防止化腐蚀. 这种添加剂增强了电极的稳定性,可实现超过1000个循环,保持80.4%的容量.

科学领域:

材料科学
电化学
电池技术

背景情况:

电解质中的微量水会产生化 (HF),导致高阴极腐蚀和离子溶解.
这降低了相间稳定性,加快了电解质分解,导致高压金属电池 (HVLMB) 的容量迅速减弱.

研究的目的:

作为一种新型的电解质添加剂,引入多二醇修饰的氧集群 (TOC-PCL).
为了减轻HF诱导的降解,并提高HVLMB中的电极电解质界面的稳定性.

主要方法:

合成TOC-PCL并添加到碳酸盐基电解质,用于高阴极和金属阳极.
使用不同阴极载荷和金属厚度的硬币电池和袋电池来评估电化学性能.
在现场分析了相间形成和化学稳定性.

主要成果:

TOC-PCL通过水解有效地清除痕迹H2O和HF,形成保护性的无机介相 (TiO2,Li2TiF6,LiF).
在高阴极负载 (41 mg/cm2) 和含量 (96%重量%) 的情况下,LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2干电池在1°C时保持了80.4%的容量.
一个1.6Ah的NCM811袋式电池在150个循环中达到401.6Wh kg-1的能量密度,而一个3Ah的NCM811半碳袋式电池在0.5°C时达到500个循环.

结论:

TOC-PCL作为一种通用的多功能添加剂,显著提高了HVLMB的循环寿命和能量密度.
在现场形成一个稳定的,富含无机的介质是抑制腐蚀和提高电池性能的关键.
金属氧气集群为开发下一代高能量密度和长寿命电池提供了有前途的策略.

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