针对SARS-CoV-2 XBB的免疫印记:对疫苗策略和变种风险评估的影响
Xiaoyun Yang1,2, Guichang Li1, Yuan Wang1
1State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Signal transduction and targeted therapy
|November 13, 2025
概括
连续的SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种和感染动态地塑造了免疫印记. 适应XBB.1.5的疫苗转移了免疫力,影响了对XBB和JN.1等演变变种的人口保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 针对不断演变的SARS-CoV-2亚变体的免疫印记尚未得到充分理解.
- 连续接种疫苗和感染显著影响全人口免疫力.
研究的目的:
- 为了绘制免疫印记过渡的地图,以应对连续的SARS-CoV-2暴露.
- 评估对新出现的XBB和JN.1.等变种的人口保护.
主要方法:
- 抗原绘图和中和抗体 (NAb) 分析.
- 对突破感染和未感染个体的免疫状况的分析.
- 对NAb标位进行校准的感染模型的开发.
主要成果:
- 接种原型疫苗后接种Delta/Omicron感染维持了野生型 (WT) 专注免疫力.
- 适应XBB.1.5的疫苗接种将印记转移到XBB.1.9.1.1.
- 在2023年中期,很大一部分人群对XBB的NAb定位低于保护性.
结论:
- 代免疫暴露重塑了对抗SARS-CoV-2的人口保护.
- 了解免疫印记对于优化疫苗战略至关重要.
- 免疫印记的动态影响新兴变异的风险评估.
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