儿科保健访问系统的框架:范围审查
Alma Nordenstam1,2, Daniel Helldén3,4,5, Anna-Theresia Ekman3,4
1Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. alma.nordenstam@ki.se.
五岁以下儿童的综合保健访问可以提高出席率并降低成本. 本综述综合了有关预防系统的证据,以加速全球减少儿童死亡率.
科学领域:
- 全球儿童健康 儿童健康
- 预防性医疗保健系统是预防性的.
- 公共卫生干预措施 公共卫生干预措施
背景情况:
- 每年有数百万五岁以下的儿童死亡,需要采取综合方法来减少死亡率.
- 现有的干预措施往往是孤立的,缺乏预防系统的全球综合证据.
- 进行了范围审查,绘制了关于五岁以下儿童 (2000-2023) 保健访问系统的文献.
研究的目的:
- 综合全球关于五岁以下儿童综合预防健康护理访问系统的证据.
- 确定有效的保健访问系统的核心组成部分和实施策略.
- 制定一个框架,以了解和改善儿童医疗保健的提供.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索多个数据库 (MEDLINE,科克兰图书馆,科学网,全球卫生).
- 选了8945个独特的文档,通过全文审查评估了1587篇文章的资格.
- 根据世卫组织卫生系统框架提取信息,以获得概念模型.
主要成果:
- 有322篇文章符合资格,其中近50%专注于高收入国家.
- 预防保健访问系统在组织 (例如,健康日,家庭访问) 和内容 (例如,疫苗接种,查) 方面在全球范围内有所不同.
- 实施挑战和解决方案包括移动健康和扩展现有结构.
结论:
- 确定了核心组件:干预,劳动力,治理和实施策略,如扩展服务交付模式.
- 提出了保健访问系统的框架,突出了改善儿童医疗保健的潜力.
- 潜在的好处包括增加出席率,增加服务利用率和减少医疗保健支出.
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