基于机器学习的个性化预后模型,用于ICU获得的血液感染
Shijun Zhou1, Xilei Cai1, Xiujuan Yang1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
|November 14, 2025
概括
我们开发了一种机器学习模型,用于预测重症监护室获得的血液感染 (ICU-BSI) 的预后. 该工具有助于早期识别风险,以改善患者的治疗结果和资源管理.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
背景情况:
- 在重症监护病房获得的血液感染 (ICU-BSI) 是重症监护病房 (ICU) 死亡的重要原因.
- 预测ICU-BSI的预后对于有效的患者管理和资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证基于机器学习 (ML) 的模型,用于预测ICU-BSI的预后.
- 确定与ICU-BSI患者28天死亡率相关的关键临床变量.
主要方法:
- 从两个中心 (中国的AMU和美国的MIMIC-IV) 采用了来自成年患者的血液培养的数据,这些血液培养是在ICU入院后≥48小时抽取的.
- 开发并优化了使用例行收集的临床变量和时间序列数据的 eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) 模型.
- 在内部使用AMU数据集,在外部使用MIMIC-IV数据集验证模型.
主要成果:
- XGBoost模型表现出强大的预测性能,接收器操作特征曲线 (AUROC) 下的区域在培训中为0.92,在内部验证中为0.85.
- 28天死亡率的关键预测因素包括抗生素持续时间,血小板数量,血清肌素,侵入性机械通风持续时间和查尔森并发症指数 (CCI).
- 使用SHAP分析确定的前10个变量的简化模型保持了良好的准确性,外部验证AUROC为0.71.
结论:
- 使用多中心时间序列数据开发并外部验证了针对ICU-BSI的基于ML的个性化预后模型.
- 该模型有助于早期识别高风险患者,从而能够及时干预.
- 通过提高预后准确度,优化ICU资源配置的潜力.
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