在水下声制造自由散发的夏威夷僧侣海
Kirby Parnell1, Caroline Smith1, Adriana Diaz1
1Marine Mammal Research Program, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, USA.
Royal Society open science
|November 14, 2025
概括
夏威夷僧 (HMS) 使用各种水下声调,包括新的组合呼声,进行沟通. 这项研究为它们的声学行为建立了基线,这对于保护这个危物种至关重要.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 夏威夷僧 (HMS; *Neomonachus schauinslandi*) 是一个临灭绝的足动物,在水下声乐行为记录有限.
- 之前对HMS发声的研究仅限于被囚禁的个体,因此需要对自由活动的群体进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了记录和描述自由活动的夏威夷僧的水下声乐行为.
- 在这个物种中识别新的发声和沟通策略.
主要方法:
- 在夏威夷群岛的五个地点部署了被动声学记录器,收集了超过4500小时的录音.
- 手动检测和分类超过23000个水下声音.
- 利用分辨函数分析对10种呼叫类型进行分类,达到63%的正确分类率.
主要成果:
- 确定了25种不同的HMS水下呼叫类型,包括5个之前描述的基本呼叫和20个新型呼叫.
- 发现了19个新的组合呼叫,代表了针脚动物中未经记录的沟通策略.
- 声声的特征是低频 (<1kHz),短中长 (<7s),经常发生发作 (66%),在夜晚和下午晚些时候检测峰值.
结论:
- 建立了夏威夷僧海水下声乐行为的基线,强调了声学通信的重要性.
- 结合电话和特定环境使用的发现 (例如"Whine"电话) 扩大了对针脚沟通的理解.
- 强调声学监测对于未来对临灭绝的夏威夷僧海的研究和保护工作的重要性.
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