相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 11, 2026

08:17
Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
Published on: July 19, 2017
8.1K
成年人的焦虑和自闭症特征:系统性审查和元分析
Lucía Torices Callejo1,2, Laura Herrero1,2, Miguel Ángel Pérez Nieto1,2
1HM Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain.
Frontiers in psychology
|November 14, 2025
概括
这一系统性审查没有发现自闭症特征与成年人焦虑之间的统计学意义上的联系. 高研究变异性表明需要对更广泛的自闭症表型进行标准化评估.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 自闭症特征存在于连续性,一些个体表现出亚临床特征 (更广泛的自闭症表型 - BAP).
- 更广泛的自闭症表型与焦虑症状的增加有关,但这个群体往往缺乏临床支持.
- 了解BAP成人的焦虑对于改善心理健康至关重要,特别是从维度和跨诊断的角度来看.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合最近关于自闭症特征和成年人焦虑之间的关系的经验证据.
- 评估成年人中自闭症特征和焦虑症状之间的关联的统计学意义.
主要方法:
- 在四个数据库 (PubMed,Web of Science,Scopus,Dialnet) 进行了系统的搜索,寻找2013年至2023年间发表的文章.
- 包括的研究使用了经过验证的仪器来评估来自13项研究的18个独立样本中的自闭症特征和焦虑.
- 使用随机效应模型计算和合成效应大小,检查异质性和出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 自闭症特征与焦虑之间的关联的整体效应大小在统计上并不显著 (g = 0.0234,p = 0.921).
- 在研究中观察到大量的异质性 (I2 = 99.83%),其中55%报告了积极的影响和45%报告了负面影响的大小.
- 较大的研究往往显示出积极的关联,而较小的研究结果不一致,部分原因是自闭症谱系系数 (AQ) 等测量工具的变化.
结论:
- 在本次审查中,未证实自闭症特征与成年人焦虑之间的显著关联.
- 高异质性强调需要在非临床成年人群中对自闭症特征进行标准化评估.
- 这些发现突出了亚临床自闭症的复杂性,并支持跨诊断研究,以理解这种背景下的焦虑.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
931
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
931
Anxiety: Overview
879
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
879
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
615
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
615
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
48.6K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
48.6K
Social Anxiety Disorder
421
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
421
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
725
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
725

