[社会病理作为理论构造:俄罗斯的观点和德国的知识 (1910-1930) ]
1The Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "The Far Eastern State Medical University" of the Minzdrav of Russia, 680000, Khabarovsk, Russia.
Problemy sotsial'noi gigieny, zdravookhraneniia i istorii meditsiny
|November 14, 2025
概括
社会病理学理论起源于20世纪初的德国,在德国和俄罗斯的背景下面临定义挑战. 苏联的调整整合了马克思主义意识形态,影响了社会卫生原则的实际应用.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医学史 医学史 的历史
背景情况:
- 社会病理学理论起源于20世纪初的德国,由阿尔弗雷德·格罗特和社会卫生科学学校开创.
- 德国和俄罗斯的社会卫生学家在定义社会病理学和建立其科学方法论时都遇到了困难.
- 格罗特贾恩的社会病理学的关键概念通过L. B. 格拉诺夫斯基的作品被引入俄罗斯帝国.
研究的目的:
- 追踪社会病理学理论的历史发展和概念化.
- 分析苏联俄罗斯社会病理学概念的适应和演变.
- 探索20世纪初社会病理学的理论和实践方法.
主要方法:
- 学术文献和理论框架的历史分析.
- 检查关键人物的影响,如Grotjahn,格拉诺夫斯基,海耶斯和查耶斯.
- 苏联公共卫生中的实际应用和意识形态调整的审查.
主要成果:
- 社会病理学理论在不同的国家背景下面临定义和方法方面的挑战.
- 苏联社会卫生学家开发了理论方法,受本诺·海斯和格罗特的影响,并根据马克思主义意识形态调整了德国的概念.
- 在N. A. Semashko的支持下,实践应用探讨了疾病病因和环境因素之间的联系.
结论:
- 社会病理学理论的演变是由国家背景,意识形态影响和实际公共卫生倡议所塑造的.
- 苏联的适应将社会病理学与马克思主义的历史理解和环境健康研究相结合.
- 该研究强调了社会病理学作为科学概念的动态和有争议的性质.
相关概念视频
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder
739
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
739
Defining Social Psychology
345
Social psychology investigates how the presence and actions of others influence individual behavior, cognition, and emotion. Examining the social environment's impact provides a scientific framework for understanding how individuals perceive others and are, in turn, influenced by them. This field seeks to uncover the underlying principles guiding social interactions, exploring phenomena such as conformity, obedience, and prosocial behavior.Core Themes in Social PsychologyOne central focus of...
345
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
459
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
459
Horney's Sociocultural Approach
1.0K
Karen Horney's psychoanalytic theories emphasize the potential for self-realization and the importance of addressing social and cultural, rather than biological, factors in personality development. She challenged traditional Freudian views, particularly Freud's concept of "penis envy," which she argued stemmed from cultural influences rather than inherent biological differences. Horney believed that any sense of inferiority in women was a result of societal conditioning, such as...
1.0K
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
222
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
222
Social Psychology and Individual Behavior
261
Social psychology examines how group dynamics, emotions, and cultural influences shape individual actions and decision-making. These elements interact to form behavioral patterns that affect personal choices and social interactions.The Role of Group DynamicsGroups play a crucial role in shaping behavior by reinforcing norms and expectations. Individuals derive a sense of self from group membership, often aligning their behaviors with group norms to maintain social cohesion. For example, an...
261


