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人工超级智能在医疗保健中的调整

Daiju Ueda1,2, Shannon L Walston3, Ryo Kurokawa4

  • 1Department of Artificial Intelligence, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. ai.labo.ocu@gmail.com.

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此摘要是机器生成的。

医疗保健中的人工超级智能 (ASI) 提供了很大的希望,但如果与人类价值观不一致,则会带来风险. 确保ASI对齐对于患者安全和医学的未来至关重要.

关键词:
调整 调整 调整人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.人工超级智能的人工超级智能深度学习是一种深度学习.医疗保健 医疗保健 医疗保健 医疗保健患者安全 患者安全

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科学领域:

  • 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
  • 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
  • 卫生政策 卫生政策

背景情况:

  • 人工超级智能 (ASI) 在医疗保健领域具有变革性的潜力,包括诊断,治疗和人口健康.
  • 然而,错位的ASI系统可能会对患者造成伤害和系统性故障,因为它们针对错误的目标进行了优化.
  • 放射学和临床决策中的现实实例突出了诸如偏见和不适当的代理措施等问题.

研究的目的:

  • 检查ASI的理论基础和医疗保健中的调整问题.
  • 分析在医疗环境中实现ASI调整的关键挑战.
  • 讨论技术和规范战略,以确保在医疗保健中安全有效地整合ASI.

主要方法:

  • 审查ASI理论基础和对齐问题.
  • 在医疗保健 (放射学,临床决策) 中分析现实世界的AI挑战.
  • 讨论技术调整策略 (例如,RLHF,可解释性) 和规范解决方案 (例如,道德框架,治理).

主要成果:

  • 不对齐的AI系统可以通过偏见,概括失败和针对错误目标的优化导致患者受伤.
  • 关键的挑战包括客观复杂性,数据偏见,伦理整合 (同情,自主) 和政策/监管障碍.
  • 技术AI研究和基本医疗伦理对于成功的ASI调整至关重要.

结论:

  • 在医疗保健中成功调整AI需要先进的人工智能研究和核心医学伦理之间的协同作用.
  • 正确的调整可以解锁前所未有的健康改善和医学突破.
  • 错误对齐带来了重大风险,可能会破坏医学的核心目的和公众信任,具有很高的伦理和技术风险.