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中肠和后肠之间的结合与直交结结合定位
Hui Gao1, Nutmethee Kruepunga2, Greet Mommen1
1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
人体中肠-肠交叉点位于10周及以上胎儿的直交叉点. 这种解剖学里程碑是由中肠动脉的方向和薄中肠识别出来的,这表明直肠是唯一的后肠衍生物.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 人类胚胎学 人类胚胎学
- 胃肠道解剖学 胃肠道解剖学
背景情况:
- 传统的教科书将中肠-肠交点置于上半肠动脉 (SMA) 和下半肠动脉 (IMA) 血管床的汇合处.
- 之前的观察发现,在中肠形成过程中,背腔介质体显著变薄,这促使对中肠的远端边界进行重新评估.
研究的目的:
- 在人类胚胎中精确地定位中肠和中肠-肠交叉点的远端边界.
- 研究解剖学标志物,包括介质血管和介质厚度,这些标志物定义了这个发育边界.
- 根据发育模式,澄清结肠和直肠的胚胎起源.
主要方法:
- 利用36个年龄在4至13周的人类胚胎的连续切割的3D重建.
- 分析了中肠的薄中肠边界,以确定中肠-肠交叉点.
- 作为一个潜在的地标,检查了下层中枢动脉 (IMA) 干的3D方向.
主要成果:
- 中肠-肠交叉点在10周及以上的胎儿的直交叉点被确定.
- IMA树干的3D方向可靠地表明了中肠-肠结合的位置.
- 早期的结肠表现出指数增长,而直肠则呈线性增长;直肠以骨区分.
结论:
- 直筒形结点标志着人类晚期胎儿发育中的最终的中肠-肠结点.
- 直肠似乎是胚胎后肠的唯一衍生物,基于其独特的分化模式和结肠形成的时间.
- 脊椎结后上升大肠的中腔粘附排除了差异性生长作为结的位置的主要决定因素.
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