使用牛肉与乳制品杂交参考种群对牛肉的遗传评估
Julius Mugambe1,2, Christin Schmidtmann2,3, Jorge Hidalgo4
1Department of Animal Biosciences, SLU, Interbull Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.
概括
牛肉与乳制品的杂交可以改善牛的经济状况,但为了避免分娩问题,选是关键. 在杂交种群中对母牛的遗传评估准确地预测了诸如分娩容易度等特征,有助于农民的决策.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 畜牧业 生产 畜牧业 生产
背景情况:
- 牛肉乳制品 (BoD) 杂交旨在利用牛肉生产的乳制品基础设施,增强经济和遗传价值.
- 选择合适的牛肉对荷尔斯坦农民至关重要,以平衡高质量的牛肉生产,尽量减少生犊困难.
- 需要对牛肉进行遗传评估,以确定能够改善生长的公牛,同时减轻与分娩相关的风险.
研究的目的:
- 通过牛肉与乳制品杂交的基因参考群体对牛肉母牛进行基因评估.
- 评估三个关键的经济特征:怀孕时间 (GL),出生体重 (BW) 和分娩容易 (CE).
- 为了促进乳牛养殖者为目标更重的小牛和减少产犊问题而进行知情的 sire 选择.
主要方法:
- 使用了一个由Angus (ANG),Limousin (LIM),Wagyu (WAG) 和白比利时蓝 (WBB) 公牛产生的4420只BoD小牛群.
- 应用单变体和双变体 (线性-线性或值-线性) 模型,用于使用单步方法进行联合遗传评估.
- 估计的差异组件和基因组繁殖值,转换产容易度 (CE) 估计用于解释.
主要成果:
- 对GL,BW和CE的直接遗传率从0.02到0.37不等;对母亲的遗传率从0.11到0.17.不等.
- 雄性BoD小牛表现出更高的分娩困难,特别是LIM小牛 (13%) 与ANG (7%) 和WBB (9%) 相比.
- 双变量模型提高了CE预测准确率95%,WBB母牛在较高平价的母牛中比ANG更受青.
结论:
- 一个结构化的 BoD 参考群体能够准确地对牛肉进行基因组评估.
- 可以优化母的选择,以平衡经济可行性和减少生犊困难.
- 调查结果支持牛肉生产整合的奶牛养殖者做出明智决策.
更多相关视频
09:09Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid
Published on: August 8, 2017
7.9K
08:29Measuring Liver Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Proton Leak Kinetics to Estimate Mitochondrial Respiration in Holstein Dairy Cattle
Published on: November 30, 2018
11.8K
相关概念视频
01:20Monohybrid Crosses
238.7K
Overview
238.7K
01:35Pedigree Analysis
88.7K
Overview
88.7K
01:18Dihybrid Crosses
80.8K
Overview
80.8K
01:06Heritability
569
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
569
01:08Cloning of Dolly the Sheep
7.0K
The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual, the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
7.0K
01:16Bioequivalence Data: Statistical Interpretation
187
Body:The statistical interpretation of bioequivalence data is a significant aspect of pharmaceutical research. Bioequivalence refers to the absence of any significant difference in the rate and extent to which the active ingredient in pharmaceutical products becomes available at the site of drug action when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. This helps determine if different drug products have similar absorption rates, ensuring their interchangeability.Statistical...
187