抽象表征是节奏感知和产生的基础:来自时间结构概率模型的证据
Fleur L Bouwer1, Atser Damsma2, Thomas M Kaplan3
1Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Cognition
|November 15, 2025
概括
人类通过不精确的表示来处理节奏模式,根据任务需求灵活适应. 听觉期望,特别是间隔比率和轮变化,显著影响感知和行动.
科学领域:
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 音乐认知 音乐认知
背景情况:
- 节奏模式为听觉序列提供结构,使预测和指导知觉和行动成为可能.
- 人类脑海中节奏模式的表现背后的认知机制仍然不完全理解.
- 听觉期望在处理时间信息的声音序列中起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 通过模拟不同抽象水平的听觉期望来研究人类如何表示节奏模式.
- 检查节奏模式可预测性对隐式,显式和运动任务中的行为反应的影响.
- 为了确定间发病间隔 (IOI) 可预测性,间隔比率和间隔轮在节奏感知中的相对重要性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种听觉期望的概率模型,以模拟节奏模式的感知和产生.
- 预期在三个层面上建模:绝对发病间隔 (IOI),连续间隔比率和间隔轮 (变化方向).
- 行为实验包括一个目标检测任务 (隐含的),一个复杂度评估任务 (明确的) 和一个敲击任务 (运动),使用不同可预测性的节奏.
主要成果:
- 间隔比和轮都显著影响了所有任务的行为反应,在明确的评分任务中影响最强.
- 间发病间隔 (IOI) 的可预测性主要影响了显式和运动任务中的反应,特别是不精确的,分类的IOI表示.
- 行为反应表现出灵活性,适应任务需求和节奏模式的特定特征.
结论:
- 人类主要依赖于节奏模式的不精确表示,而不是精确的间隔时间.
- 节奏模式的表示是灵活的,可以根据任务相关性和需求进行调整.
- 间隔比率和轮变化是处理节奏序列的关键特征,而绝对IOI在任务特定的环境中变得更加相关.
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