可能由垂直游泳和上层海洋流之间的相互作用引起的有害鞭毛虫的积累
Goh Onitsuka1, Yutaka Yoshikawa2
1Hatsukaichi Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan.
Harmful algae
|November 15, 2025
概括
由于物理过程和游泳行为,微藻在海洋中生长的速度比实验室更快. 这些积累效应,而不仅仅是生长,是了解有害藻类繁殖的关键.
科学领域:
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 计算流体动力学的流体动力学.
背景情况:
- 海洋中的微藻繁殖可以表现出超过实验室环境中观察到的生长速度.
- 这些高现场率的原因尚未完全理解,但可疑物理过程起到了作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究这样一个假设,即微藻繁殖率的升高是由于垂直游泳行为和海洋物理过程的积累而产生的.
- 量化迪尔垂直迁移 (DVM) 和海洋动荡对微藻颗粒积累的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用合拉格朗日粒子跟踪和水力动力学模型的数值实验.
- 模拟了三种有害的鞭毛动物物种 (Chattonella marina复合体,Karenia mikimotoi,Margalefidinium polykrikoides) 的不同游泳速度.
- 分析不同海面风波条件下的颗粒积聚情况.
主要成果:
- 迪尔垂直迁移 (DVM) 和上层海洋动荡导致了显著的垂直颗粒积累,在下午的表面层达到峰值度.
- 高风速减少了表面积累,并改变了最大度的深度,特别是对于游泳速度较慢的物种.
- 快速游泳的物种 (M. polykrikoides) 在低风条件下呈现水平积聚,由于上游和下游流的平衡,度增加了多达十倍.
结论:
- 垂直和水平的积累过程发生在比藻类生长更短的时间尺度上,显著影响了花动态.
- 由微藻行为和海洋物理过程驱动的积累机制是监测和预测有害藻类繁殖的关键因素.
相关概念视频
01:27Diversity of Protists II
757
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
757
01:27Diversity of Protists III
716
Rhizaria are a diverse group of unicellular protists characterized by their threadlike cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. These structures aid in both locomotion and feeding, giving Rhizaria an amoeboid appearance. Their amoeboid morphology once led to taxonomic confusion, but molecular phylogenetics has clarified their evolutionary placement and emphasized their shared use of pseudopodia despite divergent lineages.This clade comprises diverse lineages such as Chlorarachniophyta,...
716
01:27Diversity of Protists IV
729
Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
729
01:15Diversity of Protists I
825
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
825
01:18Flagella and Motility in Bacteria
2.0K
Flagella are specialized, thread-like structures that extend from a bacteria's cell envelope. They play a crucial role in motility and chemotaxis. Their structural organization and functioning exemplify sophisticated biological engineering, enabling bacterial survival and adaptability in diverse environments.Structure of the FlagellumA bacterial flagellum consists of three key components: the filament, the hook, and basal body. The filament, a long, helical structure composed of repeating...
2.0K
01:23Red Algae
720
Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
720